This article examines the paradigm shift in the liability of China's commercial bank shareholders, from traditional company law-based limited liability towards a financial law-based principle of risk sharing. It addresses the inherent flaws and moral hazards of limited liability within the highly leveraged and systemically important banking sector. The analysis focuses on China's constructed system of enhanced obligations for bank shareholders, which bridges ex-ante constraints, such as stringent qualification reviews, consolidated supervision, and capital replenishment commitments, with ex-post accountability tools, including bail-in conversions and rules requiring shareholders to bear losses first. Empirical validation comes from cases like Baoshang Bank, while comparative analysis with the U.S. Source of Strength doctrine and the EU's resolution framework supports this shift's legitimacy. The article identifies operational issues within China's current legal mechanism, including ambiguous regulatory boundaries, inadequate judicial relief, and poor coordination with the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law. It concludes by proposing normative improvements: clarifying liability triggers, emphasizing procedural justice, and enhancing legal coordination to advance the legalization of bank governance and risk resolution in China.

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The suicide of the truck driver Jin De Qiang in 2021 following a penalty for Beidou navigation disconnection sparked widespread public discussion on social media. This study analyses a selection of Sina Weibo posts collected in a dataset organised by Fu et al. [1] regarding Jin's incidence to examine public attitudes and their emotional tendencies towards this societal event. Bar graphs were used to assess relationships between multiple aspects of language choice and public attitudes, while word clouds were constructed for word frequency. The results suggest that overall the public was critical of the rigid Beidou policies and was sympathetic towards Jin. Such voices on social media platforms demonstrates their increasingly pivotal role as a channel for public expression, reflecting their opinions and acting as a platform of social monitoring. In addition, this study uses Jin's incidence as a case to discuss working conditions of logistics workers in China overall. Their systemic societal vulnerability, including physical, psychological, and financial vulnerability was highlighted and analysed, while also referencing to recent changes that demonstrates or may lead to an improvement of their working conditions.

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This qualitative study examines the process of continuous Japanese language learning among Chinese care workers, focusing on factors that promote or hinder sustained learning. Using a case study of one Chinese care worker, A, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using the Trajectory Equifinality Approach (TEA). The findings show that A's learning motivation shifted over time, influenced by factors such as career development and support from family and peers. The study also highlights the multi-layered nature of learning motivation.

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Against the backdrop of the pronounced tension between a growing caseload and limited judicial personnel, the element-based complaint has been regarded as an efficiency-enhancing instrument in the reform of case complexity diversion and has played a pivotal role in the development of smart courts. Taking courts in Ningxia as the research sample, this study investigates the application status and practical challenges of element-based complaints through questionnaire surveys, judicial interviews, and comparative data analysis. In response to the difficulties encountered during implementation—including challenges faced by litigants in completing the forms, obstacles in lawyers' application, and operational issues within the courts—this paper tentatively proposes a localized improvement scheme integrating "element-based complaints + artificial intelligence." The study seeks to explore a replicable path for optimizing the element-based complaint system in the central and western regions of China.

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