Deaf learners' language histories are often described in terms of two broad pathways. One is a spoken-language pathway associated with hearing technology and mainstream education, and another one is a sign-language pathway associated with limited technology use and schooling in schools for the deaf. This study examined how well this binary distinction represented the experiences of 48 college-educated deaf adults in Chinese mainland. Questionnaire data were used to examine associations among self-reported first language, hearing-aid use, school-placement history, and sign-language repertoire. A timed Chinese sentence-reading task was included as an auxiliary measure. Self-reported first language, hearing-aid use, and school placement were significantly associated, but their joint distribution did not separate participants into two discrete groups. Two aligned configurations were relatively common, whereas 41.7% of participants reported cross-cutting combinations of linguistic, technological, and educational experience. Nearly all participants reported using a natural sign language, and the two first-language groups did not differ significantly on the auxiliary reading measure. The findings indicate patterned but substantial heterogeneity within this college-educated deaf sample and caution against using any single category as a proxy for language proficiency, language access, or educational need.

Recently, a growing amount of people now travel to different places with their own family seeking to improve familial relationship, cultural understanding and tourism experience. Unlike traditional traveling process: taking pictures, listening to the tour guide and trying local food, families now pay more attention on interactive tourism since this is beneficial for their child's development. This essay employes Dong village as the research context, include field research and personal travelling experience as main research methods. Different from traditional sightseeing tour, the study proposes a story-based guiding map that illustrate famous attractions through engaging storytelling mode. Travelers can click different links to access them. This work allows families to gain an immersive and interactive traveling experiences instead of only taking pictures to record the scenery, providing a feasible optimization for family cultural tourism.

In China, two strategies are now being carried out, namely nationwide fitness and rural revitalisation, and under this background, sports activities in rural areas have gradually become more organised, no longer being the kind of casual events held in the past. This paper takes the Tanmen Beach Games in Qionghai, Hainan as a research case and uses it to illustrate some situations. In the study, a relatively basic event operations management approach is used [1], and three aspects are mainly examined, including how the event was organised, how the whole process was arranged, and what control measures were taken in terms of risk [2]. From the results obtained, the Tanmen Beach Games followed the path of government taking the lead and multiple parties working together, the event process moved forward step by step, and some practical methods were also adopted to control risks, so although resources were not abundant, the whole event was still carried out fairly smoothly. In addition, the event also took care of people of different ages, turning everyday fishing work into fun competitions, and people did not need any special sports foundation to join in, which gives the event reference value in promoting nationwide fitness. If other rural areas want to hold similar activities, they can also learn some practices from it. Later in the article, some common difficulties faced by small rural sports events are also mentioned, such as insufficient organisational capacity, safety that makes people uneasy, and difficulty in long-term operation, and some suggestions are put forward for these difficulties, hoping to be helpful for future activities.

This study examines the relationship between partner loss and depression among middle-aged and older adults in China. Using data from the 2014 CHARLS Life History Survey and 2015 Harmonized CHARLS, the study first analyzes whether experiencing the death of a spouse or cohabiting partner by 2014 is associated with CES-D depressive symptom scores in 2015. It then focuses on respondents with partner loss to examine whether age at first partner loss, child status at the time of loss, and re-partnering are associated with depression. OLS regression results show that partner loss is significantly associated with higher depressive symptom scores, even after controlling for age, gender, hukou status, and education. However, event-history characteristics do not remain stably significant within the partner-loss sample after controls are added. Heterogeneity analyses suggest stronger associations among women and variation across education groups. The findings highlight partner loss as a life course event embedded in family context and social position.